Domitian also sought to strengthen the empire’s borders by constructing fortifications and enhancing the military infrastructure. His reign saw an emphasis on the expansion of the Roman Empire, although some of his military campaigns were less successful than others. Notably, his attempts to conquer Dacia (modern-day Romania) were ultimately abandoned.
Domitian’s Autocratic Rule
While Domitian was initially seen as a strong and capable leader, his governance soon became marked by an increasing concentration of power. Domitian believed in the absolute authority of the emperor, and he sought to centralize control over all aspects of Roman life. Over time, he assumed a more authoritarian approach, diminishing the role of the Senate and centralizing power in his own hands.
He demanded that his authority be unquestioned, and many of his actions reflected this authoritarian attitude. Domitian took the title of “Dominus et Deus” (“Lord and God”), asserting his divinity and establishing a cult of the emperor that emphasized his absolute authority. His control over religious institutions was also extensive, as he promoted his own worship as a means of reinforcing his power.
His autocratic style alienated the Roman Senate, which had traditionally been a key institution in Roman politics. He often bypassed the Senate’s influence and ruled through personal advisers and imperial decrees. This led to tensions between the emperor and the Senate, with some senators fearing Domitian’s growing power and dictatorial behavior. shutdown123